Squint Treatment in Mumbai

What is a Squint ?

When looking at an object, a normal person has both eyes pointed straight at that object. If only one eye is looking straight and the other eye is turned away, then that person has a squint.

The medical name for squint is strabismus. It is a condition where the eyes do not look in the same direction. Whilst one eye looks forwards to focus on an object, the other eye turns either inwards, outwards, upwards or downwards.Squints are common in children.Many adults also have squints.

Squints are common and affect about 1 in 20 children. You might even spot that your baby has a squint. Most squints develop before preschool age, usually by the time a child is 3 years old. Sometimes squints develop in older children, or in adults.

A squint develops when the eye muscles do not work together in a balanced way, so that the eyes do not move together correctly.

What are the different types of Squint ( Strabismus ) ?

Squints can be divided into different categories : 

• By the direction of the squinting (turning) eye:
• An eye that turns inwards is called an esotropia.
• An eye that turns outwards is called an exotropia.
• An eye that turns upwards is called a hypertropia.
• An eye that turns downwards is called a hypotropia.

• Whether the squint is present all the time (constant), or comes and goes (intermittent).

• Whether the affected eye turns when the eyes are open and being used (manifest squint) or whether the eye turns only when it is covered or shut (latent squint) but looks fine when the eyes are open.

• Whether the severity (angle or deviation of the eye) of the squint is the same in all directions or not:
  • A concomitant squint means that the angle (degree) of the squint is always the same in every direction that you look. That is, the two eyes move well, all the muscles are working but the two eyes are always out of alignment by the same amount, no matter which way you look.
  • An incomitant squint means that the angle of squint can vary. For example, when you look to the left, there may be no squint and the eyes are aligned. However, when you look to the right, one eye may not move as far and the eyes are then not aligned.

By age of onset-childhood or adult squint: Most squints develop at some time in the first three years of life. Some develop in older children and adults. Squints that develop

in children usually have different causes to those that develop in adults.

What are the Causes of Squint ?

The causes of squint are not always known, but some children are more likely to develop it than others. Among the possible causes are:

Congenital squint :

Sometimes a baby is born with a squint, although it may not be obvious for a few weeks. In about half of such cases, there is a family history of squint or the need for glasses. The eye muscles are usually at fault. If squint is suspected, it is important that the baby be referred for accurate assessment at the earliest opportunity. Sometimes a baby has what is known as ‘pseudo squint’ which is related to the shape of the face, but a baby with a true squint will not grow out of it.Early eyecheck up is the key to early diagnosis and cure to this as its imperative the child grows up with good vision.

Long sight ( hypermetropia-The eye sees far off objects but cannot see close objects ) :

Long sightedness can sometimes lead to a squint developing as the eyes ‘over-focus’ in order to see clearly. In an attempt to avoid double vision, the brain may automatically respond by ‘switching off’ the image from one eye and turning the eye to avoid using it. If left untreated, a ‘lazy eye’ (amblyopia) may result. The most common age for this type of squint to start is between 10 months and two years, but it can occur up to the age of five years. It is usually first noticed when a baby is looking at a toy, or at a later age when a child is concentrating on close work, such as a jigsaw or reading.

Childhood illnesses :

Squint may develop following an illness such as measles or chickenpox. This may mean that a tendency to squint has been present but, prior to the illness, the child was able to keep his or her eye straight.

Nerve damage:

In some cases a difficult delivery of a baby where forceps are used to assist in the delivery or illness damaging a nerve can lead to a squint.

What are the treatments for Squint ( Strabismus ) ?

Treating 'lazy' eye (amblyopia):

The main treatment for amblyopia is to restrict the use of the good eye. This then forces the affected eye to work. If this is done early enough in childhood, the vision will usually improve, often up to a normal level. In effect, the visual development of the affected eye catches up. The common way this is done is to put a patch over the good eye. This is called eye patching.

The length of treatment with an eye patch is dependent on the age of the child and the severity of the amblyopia. The patch may be worn for a few hours a week or for most of the day, every day. Treatment is continued until either the vision is normal or until no further improvement is found. It may take from several weeks to several months for eye patching to be successful.

Your child will be followed up, usually until about 8 years of age, to make sure that the treated eye is still being used properly and does not become amblyopic again. Sometimes, further patch treatment (maintenance treatment) is needed before the vision pathways in the brain are fixed and cannot be changed.

Occasionally, eye drops to blur the vision in the good eye, or glasses that prevent the good eye from seeing clearly, are used instead of an eye patch.

Vision therapy can be used as a treatment to maintain the good work achieved by eye patching. This involves playing visually demanding games with a child to work the affected eye even harder - like eye training.

Note: eye patching and other treatments for amblyopia aim to improve vision; they do not by themselves correct the appearance of a squint.

Correcting refractive errors

If a child has a refractive error (long or short sight, for example) then glasses will be prescribed. This corrects vision in the eye. It may also straighten the squinting eye, if the refractive error was the cause of the squint.

Botulinum toxin

Botulinum toxin (also know as Botox®) stops muscles from working (it paralyses them). It is used for a variety of conditions where it is helpful to weaken one or more muscles. In recent years, injections of botulinum toxin directly into eye muscles have been used as a treatment for certain types of squint, particularly for squints that turn inward (esotropia). This treatment is an alternative to surgery - but only for certain types of squint.

Surgery

In many cases an operation is advised to make the eyes as straight as possible. The main aim of surgery is to improve the appearance of the eyes. In some cases, surgery may also improve or restore binocular vision (this means that the two eyes are working together).Squint surgery is done on the muscles that move the eyeball.

The exact operation that is done depends on the type and severity of the squint. It may involve moving the place where a muscle attaches to the eyeball or, one of the muscles that moves an eye may be strengthened or weakened depending on the requirement to correct the squint.Sometimes a combination of these techniques is used.

Squint (strabismus) surgery usually greatly improves the straightness of the eyes. Sometimes, even after an operation, the eyes are not perfectly straight. In some cases, two or more operations are needed to correct the squint. Sometimes a special stitch is put in place which can be adjusted later on if further correction is needed.

It is possible that several years after successful surgery, the squint may gradually return again. A further operation is an option to restraighten the eyes.

Vision Therapy for Strabismus

This is the new non invasive method of treating squints,very often squint surgery mighr need to be combined with vision therapy to give good sustainable results.

Strabismus occurs when the brain processes spatial information from the two eyes differently.  When the brain can’t combine the two images into a single 3D image, double vision will occur. This results in confusion and difficulty performing many tasks in daily life.

To solve this confusion, the brain needs to learn to suppress (ignore) one of the images or figure out how to get one of the images out of the way.  The second image can get out of the way if the eye turns in, out, up or down, or some combination.

Treatment involves getting the brain to pay attention to the strabismic eye information while the other eye is open and able to see. In most cases, there is one eye that turns more frequently. Emphasizing peripheral visual processing of spatial information helps to maintain focusing with two eyes together.

Once these skills are in place, then it’s a matter of practicing using both eyes together at different distances and doing different activities.  Eventually, this will allow for comfortable and efficient use of both eyes at the same time. 

The success of vision therapy for strabismus depends on the direction, magnitude and frequency of the eye turn. Vision therapy has been proven effective for treating an intermittent form of strabismus called convergence insufficiency and Small degree of deviation.

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Non-Corneal Refractive Surgery in Mumbai

What is LASIK ?

Lasik (Laser-Assisted in Situ Keratomileusis) refers to refractive Laser surgery which gives patients suffering from refractive errors like myopia, hypermetropia and astigmatism freedom from glasses.

MICROKERATOME                                                                                     LASIK FLAP 

ECXIMER LASER ABLATION                                                                  FLAP REPOSITION

Are you a LASIK reject ?

People believe that LASIK is just a simple surgery and everyone with glasses can get it done. But that’s not true.

LASIK procedure alters the shape of the cornea by laser so that the light entering the eye now gets focused on the retina correctly to give the crisp vision.
Only after a detailed preoperative evaluation of the eye especially the cornea the doctor can tell you whether you are a good candidate to get LASIK done, depending on the thickness of the cornea the range of the refractive error that is to be corrected.

Safety is of paramount importance and that should never be compromised for the sake of cosmesis.
Individuals who are not suitable candidates for the LASIK procedure are termed as LASIK REJECTS.

If I am a LASIK reject what are my options for enjoying the freedom from glasses ?

There are other options for correcting the refractive errors and one can opt for anyone according to individual preferences and characteristics of the refractive error one has.

Contact lenses : 

These help overcoming the problems encountered with spectacles use. But, these can be worn for maximum 10 hrs a day and one has to follow the cleaning and hygiene routine strictly so as to prevent any kind of eye infections. Overuse of the contact lenses can give rise to an allergic reaction in the eye which can necessitate their discontinuation in some on a temporary or permanent basis.

Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) :

ICL is a flexible, soft lens made up of Collamer which is a biocompatible substance made by combining Collagen (naturally available in the body) and Polymer.
This is a unique refractive surgery option for the young LASIK Rejects to get rid of their glasses or contact lenses.

IMPLANTABLE COLLAMER LENS

What is the technique of implantation of the ICL ?

The implantation procedure is quick and painless.

It is done after instilling anaesthetic eyedrops. No injections required.

The ICL is implanted inside the eye with a simple 10-15 minutes procedure through a small incision. It works similar to a contact lens designed to fit behind the iris and above the natural lens.

What are the advantages of ICL ?

• No Corneal tissue removed, hence does not alter the natural shape of Cornea
• Painless and quick
• Safer option for the LASIK rejects.
• Corrects higher range of refractive errors including myopia, hypermetropia and astigmatism
• Retains corneal asphericity
• Retains the contrast sensitivity
• Preserves accommodation thereby near vision
• No glare issues in case of people with large pupils
• Stable and no regression 
• It is implanted inside the eye so no maintenance issues as those faced with routine soft contact lenses
• No dry eye issues, which are common with LASIK and other corneal refractive procedures

What are the potential Risks after implantation of the ICL ?

• Over-correction or under-correction of the refractive error : this can happen because of miscalculation of the refractive power of the ICL to be implanted. Mild errors can be corrected by prescribing additional glasses. Rarely replacement may be required
• Cataract formation : almost 60 percent population will develop cataract above the age of 65 years. ICL may accelerate the process of cataract formation by few years but this is rare.
• Increased Intraocular pressure : This used to be a major risk few years before. Now-a-days after the introduction of the designs with central or midperipheral flow channels this risk is almost nonexistent 

Refractive Lens Exchange :

This refers to removal of the natural crystalline lens and replacing it with an artificial Intra-ocular Lens (IOL) for refractive purposes.

Due to the advances in Cataract surgery it has evolved from just a procedure to remove cataractous lens to a procedure focused on the best possible postoperative refractive result.

As the postoperative visual outcomes have become more predictable the use of lens surgery in patients without cataracts as a refractive modality has gained popularity.

What are the advantages of RLE ?

This procedure presents several advantages over corneal refractive surgery.

• Patients with high degrees of myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism who are not candidates for laser surgery can undergo this procedure.
• Wider range of refractive errors including astigmatism can be corrected.
• Moreover, presbyopia can currently only be corrected with monovision or reading spectacles. RLE supplemented with multi-focal or accommodating intra-ocular lenses (IOLs) in combination with corneal astigmatic procedures might address all refractive errors including presbyopia, and eliminate the future need for cataract surgery.

Who are the best candidates for RLE ?

• The individuals in their 40s who start developing presbyopia that is difficulty in reading and doing other activities requiring good near vision. Presbyopia is an age related process and such individuals even after undergoing LASIK surgery will require near vision glasses hence not giving them 100% spectacle freedom. On the other hand RLE with multi-focal Intra-ocular Lens will make them completely spectacle free.
• Also beneficial in patients of older age group who will require cataract surgery in relatively near future and hence ameliorates the need for two surgeries in them and gives a better predicted end Visual result.

How is the Refractive lens Exchange done ?

The procedure of refractive lens exchange is exactly same to the routine cataract surgery.
It is done on a day care basis.
Takes around 15-20 minutes.
It is performed under topical anesthesia without any need of injection.

What are the potential risk factors involved in RLE ?

• Overcorrection or under correction of the Refractive Error: this is RARE because of the advanced IOL power calculating machines and softwares available
• Increased floaters
• Decreased contract sensitivity with multi-focal implants
• infection
• Dislocation of the IOL
• Retinal detachment : Very rare. Patients with high myopia are at increased risk of retinal detachment and proper preoperative retinal evaluation will eliminate this complication

The success of any refractive surgery depends on the patient’s understanding and expectations from the procedure. Choosing the procedure which is best suitable for you after discussing and understanding the benefits and risks of the procedure will help you enjoy spectacle freedom.

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Amblyopia Treatment in Mumbai

What is Lazy Eye Syndrome ?

Lazy eye is also known as Amblyopia. Lazy eye is an early childhood condition where a child's eyesight in one eye does not develop as it should. The problem is usually in just one eye, but can sometimes affect both of them. 

When a patient has amblyopia the brain focuses on one eye more than the other, virtually ignoring the weak eye. If that eye is not stimulated properly the visual brain cells do not mature normally. 

The term lazy eye is inaccurate, because the eye is not lazy. In fact, it would probably be more accurate to say lazy brain, because it is a developmental problem in the brain, not an organic problem in the eye.

What are symptoms of Lazy Eye Syndrome ?

A child with a lazy eye wont be able to focus properly with one eye and as a result the brain starts ignoring weaker images.

The signs and symptoms are as follows:

• Blurred Vision
• Double Vision
• A squint
• Eyes do not appear to work together
• Poor depth perception (of vision)

It is important for a child to have a vision check. In most countries the first eye examination occurs at the age of 3 to 5 years. It is especially important to have an early eye check if there is a family history of crossed eyes, childhood cataracts or other eye conditions

How is it caused ?

An imbalance in the muscles that position the eye:  The muscle imbalance undermines the two eyes' ability to track objects together (move in harmony with each other, in a synchronized way, to be aligned onto an object that may be stationery or in motion.)
Strabismus  or squint may be inherited; it could be the result of long- or short-sightedness, a viral illness, or an injury.

Anisometropic amblyopia – unequal eye powers or unequal refractive errors between the two eyes result in the brain acknowledging images from the eye with lesser power this makes it overlook the impulses being sent to it from the weaker eye .Thereby causing blunting or lazy vision developing in the eye with higher powers.The more the difference between the powers of the two eyes the deeper or worse is the amblyopia.

Stimulus deprivation amblyopia – This happens when light from an object to be viewed is obstructed from reaching the retina of One eye or both eyes. Thus the eye that is not perceiving images gets blunted vision.

Conditions within the eye that can obstruct the light rays from reaching the retina are corneal scars,cataracts, droopy or floppy eyelids,childhood glaucomas and eye injuries. 
Very often we find children with locks of their hair falling and covering one eye thereby obstructing light rays from entering the eye and causing ambylopia.
This is a very avoidable circumstance.

How is Lazy eye diagnosed ?

Routine examinations play a very important role in the diagnosis of lazy eye syndrome.Each eye is tested separately to determine whether there is any short- or long-sightedness(refractive errors) and how serious it is. The child will also be carefully tested to determine whether there is a squint. 

Comprehensive vision evaluations are highly recommended for infants and pre-school children. Otherwise, many children go undiagnosed until they have their eyes examined at the eye doctor's office at a much later age.

What are treatment options for Lazy Eye Syndrome?

1)Conventional methods
2)Modern methods

In practice a combination of both these methods give the best desired results.

CONVENTIONAL METHODS


1.Treating an underlying eye problem. 
2.Getting the affected eye to work so that vision can develop.

• Treatment for underlying eye problems 

Many children who have unequal vision - anisometropia - do not know they have an eye problem because the good eye and the brain compensate for the shortfall. Sadly, the bad eye progressively suffers and amblyopia (blindness) develops.

Glasses - a child with myopia (short-sightedness) or hypermetropia (long-sightedness) will be prescribed glasses. The child will have to wear them all the time so that the specialist can monitor how effective they are on improving amblyopia (vision problems on the lazy eye). Glasses may also get rid of a squint. Sometimes, glasses can solve the amblyopia and no more treatment is required. It is not uncommon for children to complain that their vision is better when they don't wear the glasses. They need to be encouraged to wear them for the treatment to be effective.

Cataracts - cataracts can be surgically removed with either local or general anaesthesia.
Ptosis (droopy eye lid) - the usual treatment for this is surgery.

• Getting the lazy eye to work 

Occlusion (using a patch) - A patch is placed over the good eye so that the lazy eye has to work. As the brain is only getting data from that eye it won't ignore it. A patch won't get rid of a squint, but it will improve vision in the lazy eye. 

The length of treatment depends on many factors, including the child's age, the severity of their problem, and how much they adhere to the specialist's instructions. The patch is usually worn for a few hours each day. A child should be encouraged to do close-up activities while wearing the patch, such as reading, coloring or schoolwork. A child with amblyopia does not have to wear a patch all day; three to four hours daily for a total of twelve weeks is all that is usually needed to improve vision.

Encouraging the child to wear the patch when they are told to is important. If the child is old enough, explaining why the patch is so important helps. For some children, having to wear a patch is unpleasant, irritating and embarrassing.
Atropine eye drops - These may be used to blur vision on the better or good eye.Atropine dilates the pupil, relaxing the eye muscles and resulting in blurring when looking at things close up - this makes the brain appreciate images from the  lazy eye ,making it work more. Atropinised eye is usually less conspicuous and awkward for the child, compared to the patch, and can be just as effective. Children who cannot tolerate wearing a patch may be prescribed eye drops instead. 

It needs to be used strictly under prescription as it can have harmful side effects.
Surgery: Realigns muscles in the eyes, a more expensive and risky option than other forms of treatment

MODERN METHODS

1) VISION THERAPY
2) MEDICATIONS

• Vision Therapy

These are computer based sets of exercises that give a multiprong therapy to counter ambylopia.
a)Antisuppression therapy: First vision therapy removes the suppression from the brain of the lazy eye enabling the brain to acknowledge the visual imputs  from the lazy eye
b)Stimulation: Once the brain starts recognising the lazy eye ,sets of computerised therapies are given to stimulate the brain cells to learn to understand the visual impulses from the lazy eye thus bringing the brain to comprehend and analyze the impulses from both the eyes at power with each other.
c)Binocularity: Vision therapy further helps the neural adaptation of the brain to the concept of binocularity. 
This allows binocular interaction between the two eye allowing them to align, move, track on stationery and moving objects and develop a 3 dimensional vision with depth perception. 

To quote Dr. Leonard J. Press, FAAO, FCOVD :
"Treatment of amblyopia after the age of 17 is not dependent upon age, but requires more effort including vision therapy.
It's been proven that a motivated adult with strabismus and/or amblyopia who works diligently at vision therapy can obtain meaningful improvement in visual function. As my adult patients are fond of saying: "I'm not looking for perfection; I'm looking for you to help me make it better". It's important that eye doctors don't make sweeping value judgments for patients. Rather than saying "nothing can be done", the proper advice would be: "You won't have as much improvement as you would have had at a younger age; but I'll refer you to a vision specialist who can help you if you're motivated."

• Medications

Some children require the stimulation of the visual cells in the brain by special medications that have been found safe for children. 

The successful management of AMBYOPIA requires a synergistic approach with the use of several modalities available to the eye specialist.
It is a neural learning of the brain that is required. The therapy is time consuming and tedious for the parent and the individual but well worth and satisfying.

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Get Clear Vision After Eye Cataract Surgery!!!!!

Are you suffering from cataract in one or both eyes? Is the cloudiness of the eye's natural lens is robbing you of your vision and quality of life? You no longer need to live with the vision impairment due to cataracts, thanks to cataract surgery.

Cataracts

Cataract is that it is a clouding of the natural lens, also called crystalline lens, in the eye that affects your daily activities and your ability to drive or read, and eventually leads to vision loss.

The only permanent way to repair a cataract is to have a cataract surgery. People with blurred or misty vision decide to have cataract surgery when the cloudiness in the eye's natural lens gets bad enough where the vision cannot be improved with glasses or contact lens. The surgical removal of cataract is also recommended to prevent other progressive eye diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy- a leading cause of blindness; and macular degeneration- deterioration of the center of the retina which leads to loss of central vision.

Symptoms of Cataracts

    Clouded, blurry vision
    Dim vision along with difficulty seeing at night 
    Double vision
    Oversensitive to light or glare
    Frequent eyeglass or contact lens prescription changes
    Colors appear pale, washed out or faded

Cataract Eye Surgery

 
If you experience any of the above symptoms, or believe your vision is getting worse?

Cataract surgery is a common procedure used to treat cataracts that are affecting your daily activities. Cataract surgery has become quite common among aged people. With a help of cataract surgery, you can get back your perfect vision. It is a very simple surgery that is performed by your ophthalmologist and you are at home in a couple of days. This is a very successful operation to get back vision to the normal condition and there are absolutely no health problems caused by the cataract surgery.

 2 Types of Surgery to Treat Cataracts

•     Phacoemulsification
•     Extracapsular Cataract Extraction (ECCE)

Cataract surgery, medically known as phacoemulsification, surgical methods used to remove cataracts. During the phacoemulsification, surgeon removes the cataract and leaves most of the lens capsule in its place. Phacoemulsification surgery is, as of now, the gold-standard in Cataract treatment. Safe, effective, quick and painless, Phacoemulsification is currently the most common type of surgery.

(ECCE), involves removing the cloudy lens in one piece. This technique requires a large incision of 10 to 12 millimeters in length.

Advantages of Cataract Surgery

Cataract surgery is very simple and almost painless.
It is generally the safest and effective way to restore vision with no serious complications.
It helps you get rid of blurry vision and have a better and clearer vision.

Cataract is an easily treatable eye condition and most people operated with cataract surgery have reported better vision. It is a safe and effective surgical procedure that replaces the cataract affected lens with an artificial lens.

Worried about the condition of your eyes? Do not miss the chance of having a clear and healthy vision 

 

For more information about cataracts and other eye health information, 

visit : www.krishnaeyecentre.com

If you are having difficulty, or are in need of an annual exam to determine whether you have cataracts or how they are progressing, please give a call 

 

Pocket Friendly Cataract Surgery in Mumbai

More than 12000 cataract surgeries are done successfully has added charm to Krishna Eye Centre's achievements.

No Injection, No stitch, No patch Surgery.

Enjoy spectacle freedom with premium lenses.

When we look at any object, light rays from the object through the transparent cornea and the clear lens to strike the retina and form an image. The retina then relays the image to the brain through a set of wires called as Optic nerves.

What is Cataract?

For normal vision, it is imperative that the lens of the eye is clear and transparent, so that light rays can pass through it. When the lens becomes cloudy or opaque, light rays are not easily transmitted to the retina. This opaque lens is called as Cataract. Cataract usually develops gradually over a period and may affect both eyes in different degrees.

What Causes Cataract?

Ageing is the most common cause. As one ages, the protein in the lens break-down making it rigid and cloudy. Other than aging, many conditions can accelerate the break-down of the lens protein, like.

• Diabetes
• Eye Injury or prolonged exposure to radiation, sun or x-rays.
• Smoking
• Inflammation of the iris, uvea etc.
• Disorders like hypothyroidism and atopic dermatitis.
• Genetic diseases like Down's, Wilson's, Homocystinuria, Myotonic dystrophy etc.
• Infections affecting the baby in the mother's womb like Herpes, Rubella, Syphilis, etc.
• Medications like steroids and haloperidol.

How Does Cataract Affect Vision ?

Cataract develops very gradually and painlessly. It may affect one or both eyes.

• Vision becomes Blurry as if looking through a frosted glass.

   
• 
  

  Halos around object, especially bright lights e.g. Excess glare from oncoming headlights is noticed.
• Loss of contrast sensitivity and dull appearance of colours.
• Poor night vision.
• Need for brighter light to carry out activities like reading.

Treatment for Cataract

Surgery alone is the treatment for Cataract. No medicine or diet can reverse Cataract formation. During the surgery the Cataractous lens is removed and is replaced by an artificial Intra Ocular Lens ( IOL ).

Phacoemulsification Surgery 

Procedure :

Phacoemulsification is the most advanced and accepted form of Cataract Surgery. During this surgery a very small opening of approximately 2-3mm is made in the eye and the cataract is removed by breaking it into small pieces, which are then gently sucked out with the same instrument. The incision taken is so small that it requires no stitches and heals rapidly. This makes it possible for the patient to resume normal activities early.

Once the Cataractous lens is removed, a new Intra Ocular Lens ( IOL ) is inserted in the same place.

There are a variety of IOLs which a patient can opt for. Typically there is a choice between foldable soft IOS and non-foldable hard IOS. Lenses could be either of PMMA, Silicon or Acrylic material. One can opt between Monofocal IOLs or Multifocal IOLs. The foldable IOLs are the most recommended. With monofocal IOL, the distance vision is clear without glasses but one has to wear reading glasses. With multifoal IOL, vision is clear both for distance and near and one is almost independent of glasses. 90-95% spectacle freedom is attained.

Toric IOLS are now available for patient with high cylindrical powers. Multifocal toric IOL can provide patients greatest level of spectacle freedom even if patients have a pre-operative corneal astigmatism.

Cataract surgery is done under topical anaesthesia. The new technique of eye drop anaesthesia (no injection) has distinct advantages over the conventional technique of giving injection anaesthesia.

In certain circumstances, the alternative technique of extra capsular cataract surgery with injection anaesthesia may need to be adapted as felt necessary for the best interest of the patient.

Cataract surgery has very predictable results with high success rate. The latest technique of NO INJECTION, NO STITCH and NO PATCH has made the surgery very easy for the patient; though it is more demanding on the surgical skills of your doctor. In some people natural capsule that support the IOL may became cloudy, several months after the surgery. If vision is affected, then laser can be used to open this capsule in a couple of minutes.

FAQs

When should surgery be done?

Cataract surgery is rarely an emergency surgery and should be considered when vision cannot be improved with new glasses or vision is no longer good enough for daily activities.

Which Lens Should on Select?
Each eye is unique. It is always good to customize the lenses best suited for the eye. Your Doctor will help you in selecting the lens.

Does The Artificial Lens Have An Expiry Date?

The artificial lens is designed to last for the rest of one's life. It needs to be replaced or adjusted only in cases of injury, severe reaction in the eye or dislocation which is very rare.

Do I need To Undergo Any Tests Before Surgery?

Yes. Routine Blood examinations are needed to rule out any infection in the body.

Well controlled Diabetes and Blood pressure are mandatory.

When Will I be Able to Resume My Activities After Surgery?

Most of the patients are back to their routine life in 2-3 days after surgery.

For online consultation with doctor & online appointments you can click on the following links : 

Glaucoma Treatment in Mumbai at Affordable Cost

Glaucoma is a disease of the optic nerve. The optic nerve carries electrical signals from the eye to the brain and damage to it affects the vision. Glaucoma is usually a silent disease and also dangerous as the damage to the nerve is irreversible.

By the time a person realizes the symptoms, the disease is usually advanced. This makes early detection and treatment very important especially for older people.

Eye is like a ball. A clear liquid called as aqueous humor is constantly produced in very small quantities. An equal amount of this fluid flows out of the eye through microscopic drainage system. When this drainage system is blocked, excess fluid is retained, raising the pressure within the eyeball. The raised pressure pushes against the optic nerve and damages it. Sometimes there may be an acute attack due to sudden blockage causing a steep rise in the pressure with acute symptoms. This is an emergency.

SYMPTOMS

People with glaucoma often do not have symptoms until vision loss occurs. When symptoms are present, they are :

• Blurred vision
• Severe eye pain
• Headache
• Nausea / Vomiting
• Rainbow Haloes Around Lights

RISK FACTORS

• Age above 40
• Elevated eye pressure
• Family history of glaucoma
• High refractive errors
• Past eye injuries
• Thinner central cornea
• Diabetes and migraine headache

DETECTION

• Regular eye examination with routine measurement of intraocular pressure ( IOP ).
• Optic nerve head evaluation.
• Gonioscopy and ultrasound biomicroscopy ( UBM ) to check the drainage angles.
•  Visual field analysis to check the function of the optic nerve.
• Pachymetry for central corneal thickness
• Newer imaging modalities like OCT, HRT and GDX may be required to document the anatomical damage to the optic nerve.

TREATMENT

The treatment is aimed at arresting the progress of the disease. It is in the form of eye drops, laser and surgery.

There are a variety of anti glaucoma medications available which have reduced the need for surgery. Some eye drops work to reduce the production of aqueous humor, whereas some work to open the drainage channels. Also combinations of medicines are available as eye drops for enhanced effect.

Laser Iridectomy ot Trabeculoplasty is helpful in certain cases to increase the drainage of fluid from the eye.

The surgical techniques of Trabeculectomy or modified Trabeculectomy with Mitomycin C are to be undertaken if medication is not able to arrest the progression of the disease.

New modality for control of glaucoma is the Express Shunt. Advanced Glaucoma might require the use of valve surgery to control the intra ocular pressure.

What is The Purposeof Treatment of Glaucoma?

The purpose of treatment is to prevent further loss of vision. This is important because vision once lost due to glaucoma cannot be regained.

Important Do's and Don'ts for Glaucoma

• Always keep the medicine in stock before it gets over.
• If more than one drug is used, wait for 10 minutes between dosages.
• If one misses a dose, do not increase the number or amount of medication taken next time.
• Do not stop taking medication while travelling.
• Ask your doctor about how to use drops properly.

Don't Forget

• Treatment for glaucoma requires a 'team' made up of both a compliant patient and doctor ( ophthalmologist ).
• Doctor can prescribe treatment for glaucoma, but only patient can make sure to put eye drops regularly.
• Do not change or stop taking medications without consulting the doctor ( ophthalmologist ).
• Frequent eye examinations and test are important to monitor the eyes for any changes.
  
  Glaucoma generally has no signs or symptoms until serious loss of vision has occurred. The best way to protect the damage is early diagnosis, proper treatment and regular follow ups. Krishna Eye Centre provides glaucoma treatments at affordable cost.
  
  
  

  For more details contact us !

   Email : krishnaeyecenter@gmail.com 

  Site : www.krishnaeyecentre.com